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RER line A is one of the five lines in the RER rapid transit system serving Paris, France. The line runs from the western termini of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (A1), Cergy Le Haut (A3) and Poissy (A5) to the eastern termini of Boissy-Saint-Léger (A2) and Marne-la-Vallée – Chessy (A4). * Inaugurated: 12 December 1969 * Length: * Number of stops: 46 * Traffic (2007): 300,000,000 journeys per annum〔 〕 ''(figure for both the RATP and SNCF section of the line)'' Line A is one of the Europe's busiest lines with over 1,200,000 passengers/day.〔 (LCI.fr: RER A – "10 secondes de retard, 15.000 voyageurs affectés !" )〕 It is formed from the connection of the Saint-Germain-en-Laye-Nanterre line in the west to the Vincennes – Boissy-St-Léger line in the east. Two branches were added in the west, to Poissy and the new town of Cergy-Pontoise, and in the east to the new town of Marne-la-Vallée. The two latest extensions were to Cergy-Le Haut and Disneyland Paris. == Popular success and responses == With more than one million passengers per workday, line A is the busiest Parisian RER and metro line. Ever-increasing traffic volume and the need to ward off imminent saturation have been major factors in RATP and SNCF's planning since the inauguration of the line. At least five major capital investment decisions can be directly traced back to this issue: * In the early 1980s RATP contracted German conglomerate Siemens to develop a dynamic traffic control system that would remove the capacity constraints caused by conventional block traffic management. SACEM (''Système d'aide à la conduite, à l'exploitation et à la maintenance'') is still one of the most advanced traffic control systems and enables extremely short spacing (under 90 seconds in stations, under 2 minutes in tunnels) between trains during rush hour. Parisians have become used to the sight of a train pulling into a station as the one before it is just clearing the platform. * Around the same time, RATP ordered a significant number of MI79/MI84 trains to remedy premature wear and tear on MS61 stock caused by over-utilization on Line A. * Later in the 1980s, the need to relieve congestion on the central segment of Line A was a key factor in selecting the route of the new, fully automated Paris Métro Line 14 (also known as METEOR). * The same need governed the choice of the route of RER Line E in the early 1990s and is a factor in plans for that line's westward or south-westward extension. * An new class of double-deck trains (MI 2N series) entered service in 1998, in part a product of RATP's belief that no further infrastructure improvement (short of an extremely expensive track quadrupling of the central section) would relieve congestion on Line A. This was followed in 2011 by the MI 09 double-decker stock, aimed at replacing the aging MI 84 and MS 61 stocks. One simple (if partial) solution to the congestion problem that has never been implemented is a change in the seating configuration in the trains. The RER is unusual among high-capacity urban train networks in its attachment to transverse (front and back facing) seating. A change to longitudinal (sideways window-lining) seating typically reduces the number of seats by 10% but increases standing room by 30%. The result is increased capacity and a less cramped ride for those without seats. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「RER A」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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